Chapter 2: The basics of the permanent current and the electron pair

 

Q. What is the permanent current?

A. It is the electric current which flows permanently with zero electric resistance.

 

Q. Why does the permanent current flow permanently with zero resistance?

A. It is because all electrons which compose a permanent current become electron pairs and follow the momentum order.

 

Q. What is the momentum order?

A. It is to think of the move of the center of gravity of an electron pair.

The move of their center of gravity of all electron pairs which compose a permanent current has a same momentum (mass × velocity) and the momentum changes from the same momentum to the other same momentum all together.

 

 

Figure 3: Electron pairs which compose a permanent current

 

Figure 4: When adding voltage to the permanent current

Figure 5: Fleming's left hand rule

The basics: Electromagnetic force and Fleming's left hand rule

When an outer magnetic field acts on an electric current, an electromagnetic force arises in the direction according to Fleming's left hand rule.

Then the strength F is computed by

F=BIL

B is the strength of the outer magnetic field.

I is the strength of the electric current.

L is the length of the conductor through which the electric current which is given the outer magnetic field flows.

Since the permanent current is, of course, an electric current, too, an electromagnetic force arises with the outer magnetic field.

 

Q. Why do you think of a permanent current and electron pairs which compose it?

A. The driving force of the electromagnetic engine presupposes the cancel of the repulsion or the attraction to act on the superconductive magnet. Then, the repulsion and the attraction are obtained by conveying the electromagnetic force made by the magnetic field of the ripple current （the outer magnetic field）to the material of the superconductive magnet through the move of electron pairs which compose the permanent current. Then, the substance of the electromagnetic force which arised to the permanent current is the total of the electromagnetic forces which arised to each electron pair.